Sailing Theory, Sailing Terms and Weather

Sailing Theory4. Try any combination of these.
The sum of all wind pressure on the sail is called windSailing Terms
force. The center of that force, which is above theAmidships- the middle of the boat. Backwind- the wind
water, is called the center of effort (CE).flowing off the sail.
Close Hauled- one of the points of sail; sailing as close
A boat performs best when the two forces are into the wind as possible.
balance. This is when they are positioned one over theDead Astern- straight behind
other in a vertical line through the boat's sail and hull.Flaking- Folding the sail.
Your job as a sailor is to keep these two forces inGlide Zone- the distance it take a boat to stop after
proper balance so that your boat will sail correctly.turning head to wind.
You keep the boat balanced by shifting your weightHeave To- to head the boat into the wind in order to
and adjusting your sail.slow it down or stop it.
Your boat has weather helm when you have toWeather- The Sea Breeze
constantly pull the tiller towards you to keep the boatAs a sailor you should know about local winds. The
straight on course.cause of these winds is difference in temperature; cold
Lee helm is when you do the opposite; pushing the tillerair is heavier than warm air. The most popular of these
towards the sail. Most boats are designed to have alocal winds is the sea breeze.
little weather helm. However, too much of it can makeWarm air over the land rises...And is replaced by
sailing difficult in anything other than light breezes. Ifcooler air sinking over the ocean.
your boat has a lot of weather helm, it means the CEAt night the opposite happens. The land quickly loses
and the CLR are not in alignment.There is more sailits heat at night and often falls to a lower temperature
pressure aft of the CLR than forward of it.than the water. This results in a light offshore evening
To correct the balance:wind.
1. Shift your weight aft (back towards the stern)On a lake or river, the warm air can rise at the edges
2. Pull up the centerboard.to be replaced by the cool air over the water. This can
3. If your boat has a jib, ease (let out) the mainsail.result in a nice breeze for sailing.