Sailboat Characteristics For Light Air Sailing

Unlike most boat purchase advice, written byprovides better maneuverability and quicker response
manufacturers and designed to persuade to one brandat slower speeds than a full keel boat. So, for light air, a
or another, the suggestions in this article are writtenfin keels win over full keels.
from the perspective of a sailboat buyer and areIn addition, cruisers should also lean toward a shoal
drawn from the collective wisdom of my dozen or sodraft keel to reduce weight (and gain access to more
sailboat purchases as well as conversations withanchorages). Racers have a more difficult dilemma.
many, many other sailboat buyers. This article willWhile racing in light we will still prize the maneuverability
focus on applying the buying process to purchasing anof a fin keel, shoal draft keels don't perform as well up
appropriate vessel for light air sailing.wind. Racers will need to balance upwind pointing ability
The Buying Processagainst weight and downwind speed when selecting
We recommend a multi-step process to purchase akeel depths. Next to consider is sail area and sail plan.
sailing vessel. Our emphasis was on assuring thatIn light air, we will want a generous amount of sail area.
purchases are based on a detailed description of howAs we did with keel design, we will lean toward more
and where the vessel would be used and thensail area and sacrifice a little stability, again without
identifying the best set of vessel characteristics for thesacrificing safety. Racers will clearly want the most sail
specific type of sailing to be completed. Five vesselarea (SA/D over 20) while cruisers may opt for slightly
characteristics to be considered in the purchase of aless sail area (SA/D 17-20), but either way, assuring a
Keel design, keel depth, sail plan, sail area andgenerous sail plan is key to good boat speed in light air.
displacement. In this article, we apply those fiveEqually important, we will want sail area high off the
characteristics to light air sailing areas.water where there is more wind. This means the sloop
Let's start by describing light air sailing areas. Light airrig is the winner over both the multiple mast rigs
areas are sailing areas that average 10 knots of wind(ketchs and yawls) and the cutter rig since the sloop
or less. Moreover, winds over 15 knots will rarely berig raises the sail plan for a given amount of sail area.
experienced either due to lack of wind or lack ofFinally, we consider displacement (i.e. size). Heavier
desire to sail when stronger winds are present.vessels accelerate slower and move slowly in light
What areas would be considered light air areas? Mostwinds, so we will want a light vessel for light winds.
of of the US in Summer! Light air areas include theThe balance will be to assure that we preserve
Chesapeake Bay, Long Island Sound, the Great Lakes,sufficient space to comfortably accommodate the
San Diego, the New Jersey Coast, and most inlandtypical number of passengers on a normal trip (don't
lakes throughout the US. (Note- If your sailing seasonforget to plan for space for safety gear, tools, spare
extends into late Fall, some of these areas might noparts and provisions). However, we will want to make
longer be light air areas).the same compromises we did with sail area and keel
Vessel Characteristics For Light Airdesign and get the space we need at minimum weight.
To begin, find a vessel that best fits the usage in lightSummary
air areas. Our primary consideration in light air areas willWhen sailing in light air, a primary consideration is
be to trade some stability and weight to gain speedassuring we have a boat that can move at a
and maneuverability, exactly how much depends uponcomfortable turn of speed and maintain
our desired usage. Note that this does NOT meanmaneuverability in the normal light air condition. While
sacrificing safety, stability is relative. What we mean iswe never sacrifice safety, light air means reducing
to opt for a lighter vessel rather than a vesselsome stability (compared to an ocean going vessel) to
optimized for the trade wind belt.gain performance. The clear winning design is a fin keel
Our first vessel characteristics are keel design andvessel with a sloop rigged sail plan. Displacement (i.e.
depth. While cruising in light air, we look forsize) will vary depending upon the average length of
maneuverability and responsiveness more than stabilitytrip and number of passengers aboard and the keel
(Again, this does NOT mean sacrificing safety, stabilitydepth may vary based on usage (e.g. cruising vs.
is a relative measure). Given this trade, a fin keel boatracing).