| One of the most common weaknesses I see in | | | | |
| day-to-day | | | | between sentences and paragraphs. They are |
| | | | usually inserted |
| writing is poor logical flow from one idea | | | | |
| or point to | | | | at the beginning of a sentence and normally |
| | | | refer directly |
| the next. This usually takes the form of a | | | | |
| bunch of | | | | back to the previous sentence and/or |
| | | | paragraph without |
| seemingly unrelated phrases thrown together | | | | |
| with little | | | | repeating the specific subject.The following |
| | | | paragraphs list some of the more common |
| or no sense of sequence, continuity, or | | | | |
| relativity.Although the overall subject may | | | | transition words and phrases that will help |
| be obvious, the words | | | | make your |
| | | | |
| to describe it seem to be scattered on the | | | | text more understandable and interesting to |
| page like an | | | | the reader. |
| | | | |
| almost random set of unconnected thoughts. | | | | For each one, I have included a typical |
| On a regular | | | | example of how |
| | | | |
| basis, I see letters and reports in which | | | | the word/phrase might be used in a typical |
| each phrase | | | | sentence.Note that I have capitalized the |
| | | | transition words/phrases |
| seems to be independent of the one before | | | | |
| and the one | | | | for emphasis and easy identification.CAUSE |
| | | | AND EFFECT...THEN, he moved on to the next |
| after, when in reality, there is an actual | | | | work station.AS A RESULT, the team lost the |
| sequential | | | | game.FOR THIS REASON, she always went home |
| | | | for the weekend.THE RESULT WAS always |
| and/or logical flow.Consider the following | | | | predictable.WHAT FOLLOWED was as painful as |
| three sentence example:1. The entire building | | | | it was inevitable.IN RESPONSE, he quickly |
| had to be searched.2. They started the search | | | | upped the ante.THEREFORE, the aircraft |
| on the third floor.3. It took three hours to | | | | overshot the runway.THUS, it was just a |
| complete the search.Notice that the three | | | | matter of time.BECAUSE OF THIS, the results |
| separate statements are all valid | | | | were always the same.CONSEQUENTLY, he was no |
| | | | longer friends with Frank.THE REACTION to |
| sentences. They convey the bare essential | | | | this event was swift and decisive.IN CONTRAST |
| facts of the | | | | TO...UNLIKE last year, this one was highly |
| | | | profitable.DIFFERENT from this, was our |
| situation, but nothing more. In fact, they | | | | approach to manufacturing.IN SPITE OF the dot |
| raise almost | | | | com bust, the company prospered.ON THE OTHER |
| | | | HAND, earnings per share have increased.ON |
| more questions than they answer. For | | | | THE CONTRARY, the impact was less than |
| example:- Was it a serious incident?- Had it | | | | expected.OPPOSING that idea was the move to |
| ever happened before?- Why did they start on | | | | new technologies.HOWEVER, that approach may |
| the third floor?- What about the first two | | | | actually prove better.CONTRARY to his |
| floors?- How big/high was the building?- Is | | | | findings, the revenue picture is |
| three hours a long time for that?- How long | | | | good.NEVERTHELESS, something still appears to |
| does it usually take?These are all logical | | | | be missing.SEQUENCE AND RELATIVITY...THEN, |
| (and obvious) questions that the | | | | each one followed in numerical sequence.IN |
| | | | ADDITION, a fourth material was added to the |
| average person might ask when reading a | | | | mix.TO ENUMERATE, first there was the car, |
| paragraph made | | | | second the boat,...NEXT in the series was the |
| | | | "outrigger" brand line.BESIDES THAT, there |
| up of the three sentences above.Let's | | | | were two other possible sources.SIMILARITY |
| transform these now, using transition | | | | AND COMPARISON...LIKE always, he took the |
| phrases:"UNLIKE the previous minor incident, | | | | company on a dangerous course.SAME as before, |
| this time the entire | | | | he managed to meet all of the |
| | | | requirements.SIMILAR things were known to |
| building had to be searched. BECAUSE the | | | | happen at certain times.CLOSE to that was the |
| fire was still | | | | result of the second round of |
| | | | voting.LIKEWISE, they made similar changes in |
| smoking on the first two floors, they had to | | | | the factory.ALSO, there were the worker's |
| start on the | | | | families to consider.NEAR that one, was where |
| | | | we found the faulty component.EXPLANATION AND |
| third, working upwards to the tenth, | | | | EXAMPLE...FOR EXAMPLE, last year's model was |
| covering the first two floors last. | | | | underpowered.ONE SUCH occurrence was last |
| CONSEQUENTLY, it took them a full three hours | | | | week's power outage.FOR INSTANCE, earnings |
| before they finally completed the typical | | | | this year are higher than last.TO ILLUSTRATE, |
| two-hour job."Notice the use of the | | | | he went to Chicago just to make his |
| transition words: UNLIKE, BECAUSE, | | | | point.ALSO, there is a new approach to |
| | | | sheet-metal moulding.TO DEMONSTRATE, I will |
| and CONSEQUENTLY. Using these three words | | | | use the new model throughout.The above are |
| has allowed us | | | | just examples, and there many other such |
| | | | |
| to easily connect the three independent | | | | transition words and phrases that are used |
| sentences and | | | | in everyday |
| | | | |
| give them a sense of chronological order and | | | | conversation and writing. In my opinion, |
| logical flow. | | | | appropriate use |
| | | | |
| They also allow us to answer ALL of the | | | | of these words/phrases is the number one |
| obvious questions, | | | | technique for |
| | | | |
| either with the transition word itself, or | | | | making any type of writing flow logically |
| by adding a | | | | and clearly.Bottom line: Smooth, orderly and |
| | | | logical transitions |
| couple more words.In short, transition words | | | | |
| phrases have turned three dry | | | | from one thought to the other, one sentence |
| | | | to the next, |
| independent phrases into a little story that | | | | |
| makes sense | | | | and one paragraph to another -- are key to |
| | | | creating clear |
| to the reader.These types of words/phrases | | | | |
| are ideal for allowing one | | | | meaning and flow in any document. Transition |
| | | | words and |
| to easily connect thoughts, and create | | | | |
| logical sequences | | | | phrases will achieve this for you. |